So what exactly is a covering letter?

This is your chance to convey some basic information – what position you're applying for, who you are, why you want the job and what you have to offer. It has to get this across in a single page and tempt the employer with some juicy morsels from your CV. If you're applying by email, you can write it in the body of an email or as an attachment; if you're applying by post, send it as a printed letter. When employers take on a new member of staff they're looking for two things. Firstly, they want someone who can do the job. Secondly, they want someone who wants to do the job – this enthusiasm is something that your covering letter can help to show-off.

Your cover letter should be designed specifically for each purpose outlined above as well as for each position you seek. Do not design a form letter and send it to every potential employer (you know what you do with junk mail!). Effective cover letters explain the reasons for your interest in the specific organization and identify your most relevant skills or experiences (remember, relevance is determined by the employer's self-interest). They should express a high level of interest and knowledge about the position. Next, what to include, how to format your cover letter, and following up with prospective employers.